AI Knowledge Base 2026

AI Glossary 2026

Clear definitions for the era of Agentic AI and Spatial Intelligence.

Inference & Engineering

Embeddings

Embeddings are numerical vector representations of text, images, audio, or other data used by AI models to capture the semantic meaning of content. An embedding converts a piece of text—such as a sentence or document—into a vector of hundreds or thousands of decimal numbers. Semantically similar content receives similar vectors; related concepts are positioned close together in the vector space. Embedding models like OpenAI's text-embedding-ada-002, Voyage AI, or Google's text-embedding-004 are specifically trained for this purpose. They allow machines to compare texts without relying on explicit rules or keyword lists—a system can therefore understand that 'buy a car' and 'purchase a vehicle' are semantically equivalent, even though they share no common words. In enterprise contexts, embeddings are most commonly used for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG): documents are embedded and stored in a vector database. When a user submits a query, it is also embedded and compared against document vectors to find the most relevant sources, which are then provided as context to the language model. Additional applications include semantic search, recommendation systems, duplicate detection, content classification, and clustering.

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AI Safety & Guardrails

Eval Integrity

Eval integrity refers to the principle and practice of ensuring that evaluations of AI models and systems are fair, unbiased, reproducible, and meaningful. It is a response to growing problems with benchmark contamination, metric gaming, and misleading performance comparisons in the AI industry. Core elements of eval integrity include: data isolation (test sets are strictly separated from training data), reproducibility (evaluations can be independently replicated), task relevance (benchmarks measure capabilities relevant to real-world use cases), and transparency (evaluation methods, datasets, and results are publicly disclosed). Practical measures to ensure eval integrity: using private or dynamically generated test sets, blind evaluation (the model does not know it is being evaluated), adversarial testing (deliberately challenging inputs), A/B evaluation in live systems with real users, and regular rotation of evaluation benchmarks. Eval integrity is particularly important in enterprise contexts, where model selection drives significant investment decisions. Organizations should not blindly trust published benchmark rankings but run their own task-specific evaluations on representative production data. The field of AI evaluation is evolving rapidly: organizations like HELM (Holistic Evaluation of Language Models), LMSYS, and various academic groups are developing more rigorous evaluation frameworks that account for contamination and measure genuine capabilities rather than memorized answers.

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